Insights
Deep-run probability
* Estimated rating pending verification. Saudi Arabia’s rating includes a +100 host adjustment.
Model vs market: group winners
Average gap 5.2 percentage points across 20 teams. Sorted by largest disagreement.
Positive gap: the model rates the team higher than the market. Polymarket (gamma API), midpoint of best bid and ask, de-margined, 2026-09-29. Skipped for thin trading: Group C (volume USD 419, 4 priced teams). Title market not used: USD 60 traded and most teams unpriced as of 2026-09-29.
Group strength
| Group F | Mean 1522 | Top 1901 |
| Group B | Mean 1502 | Top 1647 |
| Group A | Mean 1497 | Top 1734 |
| Group C | Mean 1480 | Top 1738 |
| Group E | Mean 1477 | Top 1725 |
| Group D | Mean 1445 | Top 1786 |
Most likely third-place combinations
| Groups A, B, C, E | 14.4% |
| Groups A, B, E, F | 9.3% |
| Groups A, B, D, E | 8.5% |
| Groups A, C, E, F | 8.2% |
| Groups B, C, E, F | 7.6% |
| Groups A, B, C, F | 7.4% |
Method
- Team strength is a World Football Elo rating (as of 2026-09-29, status: verified). The host gets +100.
- Each side scores Poisson goals with rate 1.28 × e±β·d, d = rating gap ÷ 400, β = 0.876. β is fitted so win-plus-half-draw matches Elo’s own win expectancy.
- Ratings are not treated as exact. Each simulated tournament draws every team’s strength from a normal distribution around its rating, with a standard deviation of 60 points for verified ratings and 110 for estimates. This stops the model overrating favourites.
- Groups are ranked by AFC tie-breakers: head-to-head points, goal difference, goals, re-applied to any subset, then overall goal difference and goals, then lots. Disciplinary points are not modelled.
- Knockout draws go to extra time (a third of the normal goal rate), then penalties, which are treated as close to a coin flip (±5 percentage points maximum tilt).
- 20,000 full-tournament simulations, seed 2027, generated 2026-09-29 22:00 UTC. Played results are fixed, not simulated.
- Market-implied probabilities are Polymarket bid/ask midpoints, de-margined. A market counts only after USD 1,000 has traded and quotes are within 10 points. Title odds blend 50/50 with the market once that market qualifies.